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|
STUD ANCHOR DESIGN
|
Combined Tension and Shear
|
|
|
|
Result Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Anchor Rod Embedment, Spacing and Edge Distance
|
|
|
|
OK
|
|
| Min Rquired Anchor Reinft. Development Length
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.78
|
OK
|
|
| Overall
|
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.52
|
OK
|
|
| Seismic Design
|
|
|
|
|
Tension
|
=
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shear
|
=
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
Design Code Reference
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Welded stud design based on
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Code Abbreviation
|
| ACI 318M-14 Metric Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary |
ACI 318M-14
|
| PIP STE05121 Anchor Bolt Design Guide-2006
|
PIP STE05121
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Code Reference
|
|
Welded Stud Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Factored tensile force
|
Nu
|
=
|
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
| Factored shear force
|
Vu
|
=
|
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
| Concrete strength
|
f'c
|
=
|
|
[MPa]
|
Error: the conc strength shall be 10~70 MPa
|
|
|
| Welded stud material
|
|
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Anchor tensile strength
|
futa
|
=
|
65.0 |
[MPa]
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor is ductile steel element
|
|
|
|
2.3 & 17.3.3 (a)
|
| Welded stud diameter
|
da
|
=
|
|
[in]
|
|
=
|
19.1
|
[mm] |
|
| Anchor effective cross section area
|
Ase
|
=
|
285
|
[mm2]
|
|
|
|
|
| Welded stud head bearing area
|
Abrg
|
= |
|
[mm2]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PIP STE05121
|
| Welded stud embedment depth
|
hef
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
229
|
|
OK
|
|
Page A -1 Table 1
|
| Pedestal height
|
ha
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
456
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PIP STE05121
|
| Welded stud edge distance c1
|
c1
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
114
|
|
OK
|
|
Page A -1 Table 1
|
| Welded stud edge distance c2
|
c2
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
114
|
|
OK
|
|
|
| Welded stud edge distance c3
|
c3
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
114
|
|
OK
|
|
|
| Welded stud edge distance c4
|
c4
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
114
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| To be considered effective for resisting anchor tension, vertical reinforcing bars
shall be located
|
R17.4.2.9
|
| within 0.5hef from the outmost anchor's centerline
|
|
| Avg ver. bar center to anchor rod center distance
|
dar
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
|
| Rebar specification |
|
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No of ver. rebar that are effective for resisting anchor tension
|
nv
|
=
|
|
|
|
| Ver. rebar size No.
|
|
=
|
25.4
|
[mm] dia
|
single rebar area As
|
=
|
509.0
|
[mm2]
|
|
| Ver. rebar top anchorage option
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| To be considered effective for resisting anchor shear, hor. reinft shall be located
|
R17.5.2.9
|
| within min( 0.5c1, 0.3c2 ) from the outmost anchor's centerline
|
min (0.5c1, 0.3c2)
|
=
|
38
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No of tie leg that are effective to resist anchor shear
|
nleg
|
=
|
|
|
|
| No of tie layer that are effective to resist anchor shear
|
nlay
|
=
|
|
|
|
| Hor. tie rebar size No.
|
|
=
|
12.7
|
[mm] dia
|
single rebar area As
|
=
|
129.0
|
[mm2]
|
|
| For anchor reinft shear breakout strength calc
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Rebar yield strength - ver. rebar
|
fy-v
|
=
|
|
[MPa]
|
|
|
|
|
| Rebar yield strength - hor. rebar
|
fy-h
|
=
|
|
[MPa]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Provide built-up grout pad ?
|
|
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.5.1.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Seismic design category SDC >= C
|
|
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.2.3.1
|
| Welded stud load E <= 0.2U
|
Tensile
|
=
|
|
|
Shear
|
=
|
|
|
17.2.3.4.1 & 17.2.3.5.1
|
| Welded stud satisfies opion
|
Tensile
|
=
|
|
Shear
|
=
|
|
17.2.3.4.3 & 17.2.3.5.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Strength reduction factors
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Anchor reinforcement
|
fs
|
=
|
0.75
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.4.2.9 & 17.5.2.9
|
| Anchor rod - ductile steel
|
ft,s
|
=
|
0.75
|
|
fv,s
|
=
|
0.65
|
|
17.3.3 (a)
|
| Concrete - condition A
|
ft,c
|
=
|
0.75
|
|
fv,c
|
=
|
0.75
|
|
17.3.3 (c)
|
|
|
CONCLUSION
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Anchor Rod Embedment, Spacing and Edge Distance
|
|
|
|
OK
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Min Rquired Anchor Reinft. Development Length
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.78
|
OK
|
25.4.3.1
|
|
Overall
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.52
|
OK
|
|
|
Tension
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Anchor Rod Tensile Resistance
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.23
|
OK
|
|
| Anchor Reinft Tensile Breakout Resistance
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.08
|
OK
|
|
| Anchor Pullout Resistance
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.29
|
OK
|
|
| Side Blowout Resistance
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.36
|
OK
|
|
|
Shear
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Anchor Rod Shear Resistance
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.27
|
OK
|
|
| Anchor Reinft Shear Breakout Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Strut Bearing Strength
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.11
|
OK
|
|
| Tie Reinforcement
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.14
|
OK
|
|
| Conc. Pryout Not Govern When hef >= 12da
|
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
Tension Shear Interaction
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Tension Shear Interaction
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.52
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seismic Design
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
Tension
|
Applicable
|
|
|
|
OK
|
17.2.3.4
|
|
Seismic SDC>=C and E>0.2U , Option D is selected to satisfy additional seismic requirements as per 17.2.3.4.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
Shear
|
Applicable
|
|
|
|
OK
|
17.2.3.5
|
|
Seismic SDC>=C and E>0.2U , Option C is selected to satisfy additional seismic requirements as per 17.2.3.5.3
|
|
|
|
|
Assumptions
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| 1. Concrete is cracked
|
17.4.2.6, 17.4.3.6, 17.5.2.7
|
| 2. Condition A - supplementary reinforcement is provided
|
17.3.3 (c)
|
| 3. Load combinations shall be per ACI 318M-14 5.3.1
|
17.3.3
|
| 4. Anchor reinft strength is used to replace concrete tension / shear breakout strength
as per
|
17.4.2.9 & 17.5.2.9
|
| ACI 318M-14 Appendix D clause 17.4.2.9 and 17.5.2.9
|
|
| 5. For tie reinft, only the top most 2 or 3 layers of ties (50mm from TOC and
2x75mm after) are effective
|
|
| 6. Strut-and-Tie model is used to anlyze the shear transfer and to design the required
tie reinft
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| 7. Anchor reinft used in structures with SDC>=C shall meet requirements specified
in 17.2.3.7
|
17.2.3.7
|
|
|
CACULATION
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor Rod Tensile Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
|
f t,s Nsa
|
=
|
f t,s Ase futa
|
=
|
95.9
|
[kN]
|
17.4.1.2 Eq 17.4.1.2
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.23
|
>
|
Nu
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor Reinft Tensile Breakout Resistance
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Min required full yield tension ldh
|
ldh
|
=
|
180 degree hook case
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
25.4.3.1, 25.4.3.2
|
| Actual development lenngth
|
la
|
=
|
hef - c (50mm)
- dar x tan35
|
=
|
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>
|
203
|
OK
|
25.4.3.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Anchor reinft breakout resistance
|
fs Nn
|
=
|
fs x fy-v x nv x As
x (la / ld , if la < ld)
|
=
|
278.3
|
[kN]
|
17.2.3.4.5, 17.4.2.9, 25.4.10.1
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.08
|
>
|
Nu
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor Pullout Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Single bolt pullout resistance
|
N p
|
=
|
8 Abrg fc'
|
=
|
145.0
|
[kN]
|
17.4.3.4 Eq 17.4.3.4
|
|
|
ft,c Npn
|
=
|
f t,c Ψc,p Np
|
=
|
101.5
|
[kN]
|
17.4.3.1 Eq 17.4.3.1
|
|
|
Ψc,p
|
=
|
1 for cracked conc
|
|
|
|
17.4.3.6
|
|
|
f t,c
|
=
|
0.70
|
pullout strength is always Condition B
|
17.3.3(c)
|
| Seismic design strength reduction
|
|
=
|
x 0.75 applicable
|
=
|
76.1
|
[kN]
|
17.2.3.4.4
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.29
|
>
|
Nu
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Side Blowout Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
c
|
=
|
min ( c1, c2, c3, c4 ) |
=
|
125
|
[mm]
|
|
| Check if side blowout applicable
|
hef
|
=
|
380
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
|
|
>
|
2.5c
|
side bowout is applicable
| 17.4.4.1
|
| Single anchor SB resistance
|
ft,c Nsb
|
=
|
|
=
|
164.1
|
[kN]
|
17.4.4.1 Eq 17.4.4.1
|
| Edge reduction factor |
|
= |
( 1+ ca2 / ca1 ) / 4 |
= |
0.50
|
|
17.4.4.1 |
| SB resistance after edge reduction |
ftcNsb
|
=
|
ft,c Nsb x [1+ca2 / ca1] / 4
|
=
|
82.1
|
[kN]
|
17.4.4.1
|
| Seismic design strength reduction
|
|
=
|
x 0.75 applicable
|
=
|
61.5
|
[kN]
|
17.2.3.4.4
|
| |
ratio
|
=
|
0.36
|
>
|
Nu |
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Govern Tensile Resistance
|
Nr
|
=
|
min ( f Nsa, f
Nn, f Npn, f
Nsb )
|
=
|
61.5
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor Rod Shear Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
|
|
f v,sVsa
|
=
|
f v,s Ase futa
|
=
|
83.1
|
[kN]
|
17.5.1.2 Eq 17.5.1.2a |
| Reduction due to built-up grout pad
|
|
=
|
x 1.0 , not applicable
|
=
|
83.1
|
[kN]
|
17.5.1.3
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.27
|
>
|
Vu
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchor Reinft Shear Breakout Resistance
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Strut-and-Tie model is used to anlyze the shear transfer and to design the required
tie reinft
|
|
| STM strength reduction factor
|
fst
|
=
|
0.75
|
|
|
|
Table 21.2.1 (g)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Strut-and-Tie model geometry
|
dv
|
=
|
55
|
[mm]
|
dh
|
=
|
55
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
θ
|
=
|
45
|
|
dt
|
=
|
78
|
[mm]
|
|
| Strut compression force
|
Cs
|
=
|
0.5 Vu / sinθ
|
=
|
15.7
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strut Bearing Strength
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Strut compressive strength
|
fce
|
=
|
0.85 f'c
|
=
|
30.4
|
[MPa]
|
23.4.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| * Bearing of welded stud
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Anchor bearing length
|
le
|
=
|
min( 8da , hef )
|
=
|
152
|
[mm]
|
17.5.2.2
|
| Anchor bearing area
|
Abrg
|
=
|
le x da
|
=
|
2903
|
[mm2]
|
|
| Anchor bearing resistance
|
Cr
|
=
|
1 x fst x fce x Abrg
|
=
|
66.3
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>
|
Vu
|
OK
|
|
| * Bearing of ver reinft bar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ver bar bearing area
|
Abrg
|
=
|
(le +1.5 x dt - da/2 -db/2) x db
|
=
|
6270
|
[mm2]
|
|
| Ver bar bearing resistance
|
Cr
|
=
|
fst x fce x Abrg
|
=
|
143.1
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.11
|
>
|
Cs
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tie Reinforcement
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| * For tie reinft, only the top most 2 or 3 layers of ties (50mm from TOC and
2x75mm after) are effective
|
| * For enclosed tie, at hook location the tie cannot develop full yield strength
fy . Use the pullout resistance in
|
| tension of a single hooked bolt as per ACI 318M-14 Eq 17.4.3.5
as the max force can be developed at hook Th
|
|
* Assume 100% of hor. tie bars can develop full yield strength
|
|
|
| Total number of hor tie bar
|
n
|
=
|
nleg (leg) x nlay (layer)
|
=
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Pull out resistance at hook
|
Th
|
=
|
ft,c 0.9 fc' eh
da
|
=
|
17.5
|
[kN]
|
17.4.3.5 Eq 17.4.3.5
|
|
|
eh
|
=
|
4.5 db
|
=
|
57
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Single tie bar tension resistance
|
Tr
|
=
|
fs x fy-h x As
|
=
|
40.1
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Total tie bar tension resistance
|
fsVn
|
=
|
1.0 x n x Tr
|
=
|
160.2
|
[kN]
|
17.2.3.5.4 & 17.5.2.9
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.14
|
>
|
Vu
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conc. Pryout Shear Resistance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| The pryout failure is only critical for short and stiff anchors. It is reasonable
to assume that for general
|
| cast-in place headed anchors with hef > = 12da , the pryout
failure will not govern
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12da
|
=
|
229
|
[mm]
|
hef
|
=
|
380
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>
|
12da
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Govern Shear Resistance
|
Vr
|
=
|
min ( fv,sVsa , fsVn )
|
=
|
83.1
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tension Shear Interaction
|
|
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|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
| Check if Nu >0.2f Nn and Vu
>0.2f Vn
|
=
|
Yes
|
|
|
|
17.6.1 & 17.6.2
|
|
|
|
|
Nu / f Nn + Vu / f Vn
|
=
|
0.63
|
|
17.6.3 Eq 17.6.3
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
0.52
|
<
|
1.2
|
OK
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seismic Design
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Tension
|
|
|
Applicable
|
|
|
OK
|
|
| Option D is selected.
|
ACI 318M-14
|
User has to ensure that the tensile load Nu user input above includes
the seismic load E, with E increased
by multiplying overstrength factor Ωo
|
17.2.3.4.3(d)
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
Seismic SDC>=C and E>0.2U , Option D is selected to satisfy additional seismic requirements as per 17.2.3.4.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shear
|
|
|
Applicable
|
|
|
OK
|
|
| Option C is selected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACI 318M-14
|
User has to ensure that the shear load Vu user input above includes the
seismic load E, with E increased
by multiplying overstrength factor Ωo
|
17.2.3.5.3(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seismic SDC>=C and E>0.2U , Option C is selected to satisfy additional seismic requirements as per 17.2.3.5.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|