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CRANE RUNWAY BEAM DESIGN - CSA S16-14
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Crane runway design based on
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Code Abbreviation
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CSA S16-14 Design of Steel Structures
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CSA S16-14
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AISC Design Guide 7: Industrial Buildings-Roofs to Anchor Rods 2nd Edition
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AISC Design Guide 7
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Crane runway beam section
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Label
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Section Properties
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Label
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A
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=
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Label
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[mm2]
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dall
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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top yT
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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bott. yB
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Ix
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Iy
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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top SxT
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=
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Label
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[mm3]
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bott. SxB
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=
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Label
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[mm3]
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Sy
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=
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Label
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[mm3]
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Zx
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=
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Label
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[mm3]
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Zy
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=
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Label
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[mm3]
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rx
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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ry
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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J
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Label
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[mm4]
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Cw
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Label
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[mm6]
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Top Flange
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Af
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Label
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[mm2]
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dall / Af
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=
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Label
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[mm-1]
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rT
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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ryt
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Label
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[mm]
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It
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Label
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[mm4]
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St
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Label
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[mm3]
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Zt
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Label
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[mm3]
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W Section
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A
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Label
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[mm2]
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d
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Label
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[mm]
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bf
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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tw
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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tf
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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h
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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k
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Label
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[mm]
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k1
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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J
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Cw
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=
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Label
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[mm6]
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Channel Section
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A
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=
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Label
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[mm2]
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d
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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bf
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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tw
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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tf
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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h
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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k
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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J
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Cw
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=
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Label
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[mm6]
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W section yield strength
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Fwy
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=
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Label
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[MPa]
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Cap channel or plate yield strength
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Fcy
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=
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Label
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[MPa]
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Runway beam unbraced length
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Lb
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Design Forces
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Bending moment x-x axis
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Mx
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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Bending moment y-y axis - top flange
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My-t
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Label
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[kN-m]
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Bending moment y-y axis - bottom flange
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My-b
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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Shear along y-y axis
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Vy
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Label
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[kN]
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Conclusion
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CSA S16-14
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Overall
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Local buckling
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Label
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Find Lyr by setting Mu=Myr
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Label
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Label
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13.6 e) i)
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Bending about the X-X axis
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Bending about the Y-Y axis in the top flange
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Bending about the Y-Y axis in bottom flange -underhung crane
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Shear along Y-Y axis
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Web sdesway buckling
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Runway beam vertical deflection
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Runway beam lateral deflection
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Underhung crane bottom flange local bending
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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View Detail Calc
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Design Basis & Assumption
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Code Reference
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1. The crane runway beam is designed as simple span beam.
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AISC Design Guide 7
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2. If A36 channel cap is used on A992 W section then lateral
torsional buckling and weak axis flexure
strength must be calculated based on A36 yield stress.
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Section 18.1.4 on Page 57
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3. For bending moment about the X axis, the moment caused
by runway beam and rail self weight is
calculated at beam midspan as maximum and added to the maximum
moment caused by crane
moving load. Even though the maximum moment caused by crane moving
load may not be at the
beam midspan, this conservative approach rarely makes a significant
change in the final combined
Mx value used in the runway beam design.
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CALCULATION
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Check Local Buckling
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W Shape Classification
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Flange of W shape
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CSA S16-14
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Class 2 limit
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lp
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=
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170 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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Table 2
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Class 3 limit
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lr
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=
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200 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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bf / 2tf
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=
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Label
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Label
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Web of W shape
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Class 2 limit
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lp
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=
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1700 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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Table 2
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Class 3 limit
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lr
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1900 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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h / tw
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=
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Label
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Label
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W shape classification
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Label
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Channel Classification
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Flange of Channel
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CSA S16-14
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Class 2 limit
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lp
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=
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170 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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Table 2
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Class 3 limit
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lr
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=
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200 / sqrt (Fwy)
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=
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Label
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bf / tf
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=
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Label
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Label
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Web of Channel (flange cover plate between lines of welds)
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Class 2 limit
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lp
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=
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525 / sqrt (Fcy)
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=
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Label
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Table 2
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Class 3 limit
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lr
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=
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670 / sqrt (Fcy)
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=
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Label
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bf (W shape) / tw (C channel)
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=
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Label
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Label
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Channel shape classification
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Label
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Cap Plate Classification
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CSA S16-14
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Flange Cover Plate Between Lines of Welds
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Class 2 limit
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lp
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=
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525 / sqrt (Fpy)
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=
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Label
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Table 2
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Class 3 limit
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lr
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=
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670 / sqrt (Fpy)
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=
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Label
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Cap plate classification
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bf / tp
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=
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Label
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Label
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Label
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Label
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Label
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Calculate Equivalent Top Flange
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Top flange
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Af
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=
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Label
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[mm2]
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It
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Equivalent top flange
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bfe
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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tfe
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=
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Af / bfe
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Monosymmetric Wide Flange Torsional Section Properties
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CSA S16-14
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Refer to CISC Torsional Section Properties Of Steel Shapes-2002 Page 10 for
the definitions and formulas used to calculate the following torsional section properties
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St Venant and Warping constant
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J
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Cw
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=
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Label
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[mm6]
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d-t
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=
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dall - ( tfe + tf ) /2
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Asymmetry parameter
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bx
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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13.6 e) ii)
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Shear center location
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a
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=
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=
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Label
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yo
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=
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yT - 0.5tfe - a (d-t)
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Refer to CISC Torsional Section Properties Of Steel Shapes-2002 Page 12 for
the definitions and formulas used to calculate the following torsional section properties
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St Venant and Warping constant
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J
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=
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Label
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[mm4]
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Cw
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=
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Label
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[mm6]
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r
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=
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It / Iy
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=
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Label
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e
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Top & bott flange shear center dist
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h
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Asymmetry parameter
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bx
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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13.6 e) ii)
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a
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=
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(1 - r ) x h
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Shear center location
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yo
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Check Bending about X-X Axis
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CSA S16-14
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Moment gradient
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Mmax
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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M at L/4 Ma
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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M at 2L/4 Mb
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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M at 3L/4 Mc
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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w3
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=
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=
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Label
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13.6 e) ii)
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For underhung crane, increase w3 by multiplying
1.4
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w3
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=
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min( w3 x 1.4 , 3)
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=
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Label
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Critical elastic moment
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Mu
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=
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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13.6 e) ii)
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Myr
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=
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0.7 SxB Fy
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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13.6 e) i)
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Mp
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=
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Zx Fwy
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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When Mu > Myr
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13.6 e) i)
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Mrx
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=
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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where
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Lu
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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rt
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=
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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depth of web in compression
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hc
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=
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yT -tfe
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Lyr
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=
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length L obtained by setting Mu=Myr
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=
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Label
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[mm]
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Label
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Label
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When Mu <= Myr
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13.6 e) ii)
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Mrx
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=
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f Mu
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=
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Label
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[kNm]
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ratio
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=
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Mx / Mrx
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Bending about Y-Y Axis
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Top Flange - Bending about Y-Y Axis
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Check top flange class, for W check W flange only, for W+Cap Channel check both
W and channel flange
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Top flange class
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=
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Label
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For class 2 top flange
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Mry-t
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=
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f Fy Zt
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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For class 3 top flange
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Mry-t
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=
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f Fy St
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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ratio
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=
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My-t / Mry-t
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=
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Label
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Label
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Bottom Flange - Bending about Y-Y Axis
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Bottom flange class
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=
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Label
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For class 2 top flange
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Mry-b
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=
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f Fy Zb
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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For class 3 top flange
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Mry-b
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=
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f Fy Sb
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=
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Label
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[kN-m]
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ratio
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=
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My-b / Mry-b
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Biaxial Bending on Top Flange
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CSA S16-14
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Biaxial bending - compression in top flange
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Mx / Mrx + My-t / Mry-t
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=
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Label
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Label
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13.6 f)
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Check Biaxial Bending on Bottom Flange
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CSA S16-14
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Biaxial bending -
tension in bottom flange
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Mx /
( f SxBFy
)
+ My-b / Mry-b
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=
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Label
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Label
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13.6 f)
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Check Shear along Y-Y Axis
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CSA S16-14
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h / tw
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=
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Label
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Fs
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=
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0.66 Fy
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=
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Label
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[MPa]
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13.4.1.1 a) i)
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Fs
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=
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=
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Label
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[MPa]
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13.4.1.1 a) ii)
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Fs
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=
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=
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Label
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[MPa]
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13.4.1.1 a) iii)
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Vr
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=
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f (d tw) Fs
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=
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Label
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[kN]
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13.4.1.1
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ratio
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=
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Vy / Vr
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Web Sidesway Buckling
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AISC 360-10
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There is no web sidesway buckling provision in CSA S16-14 code. AISC 360-10 section
J10.4 is
used to check the web sidesway buckling.
Web sidesway buckling check is necessary when the crane runway beam has long span
between
supporting columns and its bottom tension flange is not braced along the long span.
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(h / tw) / (Lb / bf)
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=
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Label
|
Label
|
|
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|
J10.4 (b)
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|
Mu
|
=
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Mx
|
=
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Label
|
[kN-m]
|
|
|
|
My
|
=
|
min( SxT , SxB ) Fwy
|
=
|
Label
|
[kN-m]
|
|
|
When Mu < My
|
Cr
|
=
|
Label
|
[MPa]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When Mu >= My
|
Cr
|
=
|
Label
|
[MPa]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rn
|
=
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[kN]
|
Eq J10-7
|
|
|
f
|
=
|
|
=
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
Pv-impt
|
=
|
(1.25xPbr+1.5xPlt) x a
impact factor
|
=
|
Label
|
[kN]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Pv-impt / f Rn
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
The limit state of web sidesway buckling does not apply
|
Label
|
J10.4 (b) (ii)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Check Runway Beam Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
Code Reference
|
|
|
|
Crane serviceability criteria based on
|
|
|
CISC Guide for the Design of Crane-Supporting Steel Structures 2nd Edition
|
Table 4.1 item 14,15
|
|
AISC Design Guide 7: Industrial Buildings-Roofs to Anchor Rods 2nd Edition
|
Section 18 on Page 56
|
CMAA 70-04 Specifications for Top Running Bridge and Gantry
Type Multiple Girder Electric Overhead
Traveling Cranes
|
Clause 1.4.3
|
|
|
|
CMAA crane service class
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
Ver deflection limit (no impact , max wheel load)
|
Bv
|
=
|
Label
|
|
|
Hor deflection limit (no impact , 10% max wheel load)
|
Bh
|
=
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
Runway beam span
|
L
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vertical Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unfactored max ver. wheel load
|
Pmax
|
=
|
Label
|
[kN / per wheel]
|
impact factor NOT included
|
|
|
Ix
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Max ver deflection |
Dmax
|
=
|
Label
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm]
|
|
|
Allowable deflection
|
Da
|
=
|
L / Bv
|
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Dmax / Da
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Horizontal Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unfactored max hor. wheel load
|
Ph
|
=
|
Label
|
[kN / per wheel]
|
|
|
For top running crane, only top flange moment of inertia is considered for deflection
check
|
|
|
Top flange
|
It
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For underhung crane, only bottom flange moment of inertia is considered for deflection
check
|
|
|
Bottom flange
|
Ib
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Max
hor deflection |
Dmax
|
=
|
Label
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm]
|
|
|
Allowable deflection
|
Da
|
=
|
L / Bh
|
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[mm]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Dmax / Da
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|