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CRANE RUNWAY BEAM DESIGN - AISC LRFD 2010 and ASD 2010
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Crane runway design based on
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Code Abbreviation
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AISC 360-10 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
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AISC 360-10
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AISC Design Guide 7: Industrial Buildings-Roofs to Anchor Rods 2nd Edition
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AISC Design Guide 7
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Crane runway beam section
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Label
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Section Properties
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Label
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A
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=
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Label
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[in2]
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d
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=
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Label
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[in]
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bf
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=
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Label
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[in]
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tw
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=
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Label
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[in]
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tf
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=
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Label
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[in]
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h
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=
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Label
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[in]
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h0
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=
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Label
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[in]
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top yc
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=
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Label
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[in]
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bott. yt
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=
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Label
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[in]
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Ix
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=
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Label
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[in4]
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Iy
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=
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Label
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[in4]
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top Sxc
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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bott. Sxt
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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Sy
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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Zx
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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Zy
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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rx
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=
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Label
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[in]
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ry
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=
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Label
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[in]
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J
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=
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Label
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[in4]
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Cw
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=
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Label
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[in6]
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Top Flange
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Af
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=
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Label
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[in2]
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dall / Af
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=
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Label
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[in-1]
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rT
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=
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Label
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[in]
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ryt
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=
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Label
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[in]
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It
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=
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Label
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[in4]
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St
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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Zt
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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W section yield strength
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Fwy
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=
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Label
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[ksi]
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Cap channel or plate yield strength
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Fcy
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=
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Label
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[ksi]
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Runway beam unbraced length
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Lb
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=
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Label
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[in]
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Design Forces
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LRFD-10
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ASD-10
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Bending moment x-x axis
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Mx
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Mx
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Bending moment y-y axis - top flange
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My-t
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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My-t
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Bending moment y-y axis - bottom flange
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My-b
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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My-b
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Shear along y-y axis
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Vy
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=
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Label
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[kips]
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Vy
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=
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Label
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[kips]
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Conclusion
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LRFD-10
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ASD-10
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Overall
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Local buckling
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Label
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Bending about the X-X axis
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Bending about the Y-Y axis in the top flange - top running crane
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Bending about the Y-Y axis in the bott flange -underhung crane
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Shear along Y-Y Axis
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Web sidesway buckling
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Runway beam vertical deflection
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Runway beam lateral deflection
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ratio
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=
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Label
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Label
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Design Basis & Assumption
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Code Reference
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1. The crane runway beam is designed as simple span beam.
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AISC Design Guide 7
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2. The W section top flange and cap channel resist the hor.
load and the combined section resists the ver.
load. This assumption eliminates the need for an analysis of
torsional effects on the combined section
and simplifies the analysis.
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Section 18.1 on Page 56
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2. For underhung crane the hor. side thrust load is all taken
by the W or S shape bottom flange.
This assumption eliminates the need for an analysis of torsional
effects on the combined section and
simplifies the analysis.
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Section 18.1 on Page 56
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3. If A36 channel cap is used on A992 W section then lateral
torsional buckling and weak axis flexure
strength must be calculated based on A36 yield stress.
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Section 18.1.4 on Page 57
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4. For bending moment about the X axis, the moment caused
by runway beam and rail self weight is
calculated at beam midspan as maximum and added to the maximum
moment caused by crane
moving load. Even though the maximum moment caused by crane moving
load may not be at the
beam midspan, this conservative approach rarely makes a significant
change in the final combined
Mx value used in the runway beam design.
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CALCULATION
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Check Local Buckling
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W Shape Classification
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Flange of W shape
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AISC 360-10
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Compact limit
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lp
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=
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0.38 sqrt (E / Fwy)
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=
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Label
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Table B4.1b Case 10
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Noncompact limit
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lr
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=
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1.0 sqrt (E / Fwy)
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=
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Label
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bf / 2tf
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=
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Label
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Label
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Web of W shape
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Compact limit
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lp
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=
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3.76 sqrt (E / Fwy)
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=
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Label
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Table B4.1b Case 15
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Noncompact limit
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lr
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=
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5.7 sqrt (E / Fwy)
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=
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Label
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h / tw
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=
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Label
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Label
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W shape classification
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Label
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Label
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Label
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Label
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Check Bending about X-X Axis
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Mn - Compression Flange Yielding
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AISC 360-10
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Mn1
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=
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Mp = Fy Zx
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F2-1
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Mn - Lateral Torsional Buckling
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AISC 360-10
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Moment gradient
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Mmax
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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M at L/4 MA
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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M at 2L/4 MB
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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M at 3L/4 MC
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Cb
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=
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=
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Label
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F1-1
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For underhung crane, increase Cb by multiplying 1.4
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Cb
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=
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min( Cb x 1.4 , 3)
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=
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Label
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Runway beam unbraced length
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Lb
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=
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=
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Label
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[in]
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AISC 360-10
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Lp
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=
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=
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Label
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[in]
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Eq F2-5
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rts
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=
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=
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Label
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[in]
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Eq F2-7
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Lr
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=
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Eq F2-6
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=
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Label
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[in]
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For Lb <= Lp
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AISC 360-10
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Mn2
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=
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Not Applicable
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=
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NA
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[kip-ft]
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F2.2 (a)
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For Lp < Lb <= Lr
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AISC 360-10
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Mn2
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=
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Eq F2-2
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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For Lb > Lr
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AISC 360-10
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J
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=
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Label
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[in4]
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Fcr
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=
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=
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Label
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[ksi]
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Eq F2-4
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Mn2
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=
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Fcr Sxc <= Mp
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F2-3
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Mn - LTB
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Mn2
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=
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Mn - Compression Flange Local Buckling
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AISC 360-10
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l
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=
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Label
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lpf
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=
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Label
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lrf
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=
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Label
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For lpf < l
<= lrf
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Mn3
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=
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F3-1
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Mn - Bending about X-X Axis
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Mnx
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=
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Label
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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LRFD 2010
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Mx
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=
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Label
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f
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=
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0.9
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ratio
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=
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Mx / (f Mnx)
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=
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Label
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Label
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ASD 2010
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Mx
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=
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Label
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W
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=
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1.67
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ratio
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=
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Mx / ( Mnx / W )
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Bending about Y-Y Axis
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AISC 360-10
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For top running crane, top flange is checked for bending about Y-Y axis
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Check top flange compactness, for W check W flange only, for W+Cap Channel check
both W and
Channel flange
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Top flange compactness
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=
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Label
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For compact top flange
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Mny
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=
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Fy Zt <=1.6Fy Sy
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F6-1
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For noncompact top flange
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Mp
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Sy
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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l
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=
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Label
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lpf
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=
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Label
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lrf
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=
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Label
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Mny
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=
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F6-2
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LRFD 2010
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My-t
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=
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Label
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f
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=
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0.9
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ratio
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=
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My-t / (f Mny)
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=
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Label
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Label
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ASD 2010
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My-t
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=
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Label
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W
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=
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1.67
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ratio
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=
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My-t / ( Mny / W )
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=
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Label
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Label
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For underhung crane, bottom flange is checked for bending about Y-Y axis
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Bottom flange compactness
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=
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Label
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For compact bottom flange
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Mny
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=
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Fy Zb <=1.6 Fy Sb
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F6-1
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For noncompact bottom flange
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Mp
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Sy
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=
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Label
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[in3]
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l
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=
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Label
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lpf
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=
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Label
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lrf
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=
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Label
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Mny-b
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=
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=
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Label
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[kip-ft]
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Eq F6-2
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LRFD 2010
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My-b
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=
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Label
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f
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=
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0.9
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ratio
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=
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My-b / (f Mny)
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=
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Label
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Label
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ASD 2010
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My-b
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=
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Label
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W
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=
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1.67
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ratio
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=
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My-b / ( Mny / W )
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Biaxial Bending on Top Flange
- compression in top flange
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LRFD 2010
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Mx / (f Mnx) + My-t
/ (f Mny)
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=
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Label
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Label
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Eq H1-1b
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ASD 2010
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Mx / (Mnx /W) + My-t
/ (Mny /W)
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=
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Label
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Label
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Check Biaxial Bending on Bottom Flange
- tension in bottom flange
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LRFD 2010
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Mx / (f Fy Sxt) +
My-b / (f Mny) |
=
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Label
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Label
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Eq H1-1b
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ASD 2010
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Mx / (Fy Sxt /W) +
My-b / ( Mny /W) |
=
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Label
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Label
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Check Shear along Y-Y Axis
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AISC 360-10
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Clear dist between trans. stiffeners
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a
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=
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Lb
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=
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Label
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[in]
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W sect clear dist between flange
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h
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=
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Label
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[in]
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a / h
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=
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Label
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h / tw
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=
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Label
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kv
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=
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5 if h / tw < 260
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=
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Label
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G2.1 (b)
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5 if a / h>3.0 or a / h>[260/(h / tw)]2
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5 + 5 / (a / h)2
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T
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=
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sqrt(kv E / Fy)
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=
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Label
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For h / tw <= 1.10T
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Cv
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=
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=
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Label
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Eq G2-3
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For 1.10 T < h / tw <= 1.37 T
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Cv
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=
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1.10 x sqrt(kv E / Fy) / (h / tw)
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=
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Label
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Eq G2-4
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For h / tw > 1.37 T
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Cv
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=
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1.51 E kv / [ (h / tw )2 Fy ]
|
=
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Label
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|
Eq G2-5
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fVn
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=
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1.0 x 0.6 Fy (d tw) Cv
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=
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Label
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|
Eq G2-1
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LRFD 2010
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Vy
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=
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Label
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f
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=
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1.0
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|
ratio
|
=
|
Vy / (f Vn)
|
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
ASD 2010
|
Vy
|
=
|
Label
|
W
|
=
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Vy / ( Vn / W )
|
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Check Web Sidesway Buckling
|
|
|
|
|
|
AISC 360-10
|
|
(h/tw) / (Lb/bf)
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
limit state of web sidesway buckling not applicable
|
Label
|
J10.4 (b) (ii)
|
|
Yield moment
|
My
|
=
|
Label
|
[kip-ft]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LRFD 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mu
|
=
|
Label
|
[kip-ft]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Label
|
Cr
|
=
|
Label
|
[ksi]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rn
|
=
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips]
|
Eq J10-7
|
|
|
Pv-impt
|
=
|
1.2xPbr + 1.6xPlt x a
impact factor
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips]
|
|
|
|
f
|
=
|
0.85
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Pv-impt / ( f Rn )
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
ASD 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ma
|
=
|
Label
|
[kip-ft]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Label
|
Cr
|
=
|
Label
|
[ksi]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rn
|
=
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips]
|
Eq J10-7
|
|
|
Pv-impt
|
=
|
Pbr + Plt x a
impact factor
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips]
|
|
|
|
W
|
=
|
1.76
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Pv-impt /( Rn / W)
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Check Runway Beam Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
Code Reference
|
|
Crane serviceability criteria based on
|
|
|
CISC Guide for the Design of Crane-Supporting Steel Structures 2nd Edition
|
Table 4.1 item 14,15
|
|
AISC Design Guide 7: Industrial Buildings-Roofs to Anchor Rods 2nd Edition
|
Section 18 on Page 56
|
CMAA 70-04 Specifications for Top Running Bridge and Gantry
Type Multiple Girder Electric Overhead
Traveling Cranes
|
Clause 1.4.3
|
|
|
|
CMAA crane service class
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
Ver deflection limit (no impact , max wheel load)
|
Bv
|
=
|
Label
|
|
|
Hor deflection limit (no impact , 10% max wheel load)
|
Bh
|
=
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
Runway beam span
|
L
|
=
|
Label
|
[in]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vertical Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unfactored max ver. wheel load
|
Pmax
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips / per wheel]
|
impact factor NOT included
|
|
|
Ix
|
=
|
Label
|
[in4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Max ver deflection |
Dmax
|
=
|
Label
|
=
|
Label
|
[in]
|
|
|
Allowable deflection
|
Da
|
=
|
Lver / Bv
|
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[in]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Dmax / Da
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Horizontal Deflection
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unfactored max hor. wheel load
|
Ph
|
=
|
Label
|
[kips / per wheel]
|
|
|
For top running crane, only top flange moment of inertia is considered for deflection
check
|
|
|
Top flange
|
It
|
=
|
Label
|
[in4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For underhung crane, only bottom flange moment of inertia is considered for deflection
check
|
|
|
Bottom flange
|
Ib
|
=
|
Label
|
[in4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Max hor
deflection |
Dmax
|
=
|
Label
|
=
|
Label
|
[in]
|
|
|
Allowable deflection
|
Da
|
=
|
Lhor / Bh
|
|
|
=
|
Label
|
[in]
|
|
|
|
ratio
|
=
|
Dmax / Da
|
=
|
Label
|
Label
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|